Prostatitis is a disease of the prostate gland (prostate), which develops as a result of inflammatory changes in it.According to statistics, the prevalence of the disease reaches 35-50% and is detected in men aged 20-40 years.
Types
4 forms of prostatitis are distinguished:
- acute (bacterial);
- chronic bacterial;
- chronic non -bacterial;
- Asymptomatic chronic.
Acute prostatitis is very rare due to the rapid course of the inflammatory process and an immediate transition to the chronic stage (false improvement).
Chronic non -bacterial prostatitis, otherwise it is called chronic pelvic pain syndrome, can have inflammatory (with the presence in the urine and ejaculate of the high content of leukocytes) and not inflammatory in nature.
Reasons
The cause of acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis is pathogenic microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi).Most often, the source of inflammation is:
- E. coli;
- streptococci;
- staphylococci;
- Proteus;
- Klebsiella;
- Pseudomonal stick;
- Pathogens of sexually transmitted diseases (chlamydia, mycoplasmas, gonococci, trichomonas, cytomegalovirus and others).
Most of the microorganisms are in the intestines, on the skin, but, getting into the tissue of the prostate, they cause an inflammatory process.As a rule, the cause of the disease is not one pathogen, but an association of several types of microbes.
The development of chronic prostatitis can provoke the following factors:
- concomitant diseases of the urinary system (cystitis, pyelonephritis);
- sedentary lifestyle ("sedentary" work);
- tendency to constipation;
- weakening of the body's defenses;
- injuries;
- hormonal imbalance;
- alcohol abuse and smoking;
- random sexual intercourse;
- irregular sex life (long -term abstinence);
- interrupted sexual intercourse;
- irregular emptying of the bladder;
- unsatisfied sexual desire;
- chronic stresses;
- hypothermia;
- The presence of carious teeth and other sources of chronic infection (for example, chronic tonsillitis).
Symptoms of prostatitis
Acute prostatitis is a very insidious disease.It is quite difficult to “catch” it, since, firstly, the process very quickly becomes chronic, and secondly, most patients prefer to “sink” manifestations of acute prostatitis of the house.Patients with inflammation of the prostate are often addressed to the doctor in advanced cases with erection disorders and other consequences.
The acute form of the disease proceeds against the background:
- fever;
- chills;
- other signs of intoxication (weakness, lethargy, loss of appetite, etc.).
Inflammation of the prostate gland is accompanied by pain in the perineum, in the inguinal region and in the scrotum.
Painful and rapid urination is also characteristic.Sometimes in the urine you can notice whitish purulent discharge.
In addition, the patient can pay attention to the lack of night and morning erections, a poor -quality erection during intimacy and a sharp shortening of sexual intercourse.
Typical symptoms of urination disorders appear: a weak stream of urine and frequent urge, although the urine itself stands out a little.
In the future, in the absence of treatment, chronic prostatitis reaches the apogei: disorders of sexual function appear.For example:
- insufficient erection or its absence;
- painful erections, due to which the patient evades sexual intercourse;
- Erased orgasm;
- short intercourse;
- Soreness of ejaculation.
Chronic abacterial prostatitis is 95% among all prostatitis, they mainly suffer from men about 30 years old.It is characterized by constant or periodic pains in the pelvis, prostate, in the scrotum, while in laboratory analyzes there are no signs of inflammation.The causes of the disease are definitely not established.
Diagnostics
In the diagnosis of acute and chronic prostatitis, in addition to collecting complaints, anamnesis and examination of the patient, the following methods are used:
- general blood and urine test;
- microscopic examination of the secret of the prostate and sowing it on a nutrient medium to detect the pathogen (the secret is obtained after finger massage of the prostate gland through the rectum);
- cytological study of urine;
- Ultrasound of the prostate and the pelvic organs;
- computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance (MRI);
- A smear from the urethra on the microflora.
Differential diagnosis is aimed at distinguishing between prostatitis, prostate adenoma, prostate cancer, signs of stones in the prostate gland.
A complete list of diagnostic procedures and drugs for the treatment of prostatitis in the federal standard of assistance from 2012.
Treatment of prostatitis
The same symptoms can be signs of various diseases, and the disease may not occur according to the textbook.Do not try to be treated yourself-consult a doctor. A surgeon-urologist leads to prostatitis.
The purpose of etiotropic treatment aimed at eliminating the cause of prostatitis is to eliminate the pathogen.Depending on the identified cause, antibiotics, antiviral or antifungal drugs are prescribed.The duration of therapy for acute prostatitis is 7-10 days, in the chronic process-4-8 weeks.
For the treatment of a bacterial infection, they are used:
- antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin);
- macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin);
- doxycycline;
- Antibacterial drugs.
Antifungal (Diflucan, Fluconazole) are prescribed orally and in rectal candles.
In addition, other types of therapy are used:
- anti -allergic (Suprastin, Claritin, Dimedrol);
- anti -inflammatory (Indomethacin, diclofenac);
- Anesthetic (No-shpa, Analgin, Baralgin).
They are also appointed:
- physiotherapy;
- medical gymnastics;
- Prostate massage.
The entire course of treatment takes 3-4 months.
Prevention
For the prevention of the disease, the following conditions must be observed:
- regular sex life;
- rejection of bad habits;
- maintaining a healthy lifestyle (playing sports, walking in the fresh air);
- compliance with the diet;
- Regular visit to the urologist.